What is aviation fuel? What is the mileage of an aeroplane?

Aviation fuel is a special type of fuel with certain additives that withhold the fuel property for a longer duration of time under extreme atmospheric conditions. The different types of additives used with hydrocarbons are antioxidants, biocides, static reductants, impurities, etc.

The different names of aviation fuel are:

1. Aviation fuel or Avgas is used in the light, low capacity piston-based propellers engines that are used as sports aircraft or private aircraft. Avgas is quite expensive. Its 100LL (low-lead) variant is still available.
2. Jet fuel to be precise Jet A-1 kerosene, is generally used in civil aircraft with turbine engines. The freezing point of Jet A-1 kerosene is minus 47 degrees celsius.
3. Kerosene-Gasoline mixture (Jet-B) is a type of jet fuel, mainly used by military aircraft. It contains 65% gasoline and,35% of kerosene. It freezes at a temperature below minus 72 degrees celsius. 
4. Bio kerosene is presently not in use in any part of the world, but due to the high cost of aviation fuels, and keeping in mind of the future and the scarcity of fossil fuel an alternative is developed by mixing kerosene with that of biofuels. This is in its testing phase and will be introduced in the aviation industry very soon.

Which type of fuel to use, depends on at what altitude the aircraft is flying, the type of engine the plane is using, and along with that, the cost factor is also kept in mind.

To understand here we will consider a Boeing 747, uses Jet A-1 kerosene as its fuel. And it consumes around 4 liters of fuel in a second. 

According to Boeing, it consumes around 5 gallons per mile (12 liters per kilometer). So it gives a mileage of 0.8 kilometers per liter. per person, consumption rate goes down as it carries around 465 passengers at a time, and per person, fuel consumption is somewhere around 0.026 liters per kilometer.